detailed outline chapter 6

Origin and early history of news agencies.
News and mercantile information needs of the mass market press provided the incentive for the creation of at least three of the major western news agencies.
The market press has emerged as advertising became a significant source of revenue in industrially expanding societies.
Agence France-Presse.
It is the four major western international news agencies. It was created in 1835 by Charles Louis Havas. The agency grew out of a news distribution service.
With the demand for news substantially up because of the emergence of the “cheap press” in France.
By 1860, his agency was reporting news from all Europe, and newspapers in most parts of the continent were subscribing to this agency.

Associated Press
The associated Press (AP) grew out of the Harbor News Association, formed by 10 men representing six New York City Newspapers in 1848 to pool efforts for collecting international news.
Competition has grown so fierce and expensive that it was decided to form news cooperative.
Reuters
It was created by a German born immigrant who took British citizenship in 1851.
Reuters rightly regarded his general news service as running in tandem with his commercial services.
Reuters’ reporters were located all over the globe.
Reuters was floated as a public company in 1984 on the London Stock Exchange and on NASDAQ in the U.S
United Press International
It was established on July 21, 1907.
A significant highlight in UPI’s History is that it was instrumental in Freeing Up news collection and dissemination worldwide by rejecting a cartel arrangement established by the major Western news agencies in 1869.

ITAR-TASS
It is one of the world’s largest news agencies is the Information Telegraph Agency of Russia (ITAR-TASS), the successor of the Soviet TASS news agency whose origins date back to 1904.
In February 1992, the agency’s name was changed to ITAR-TASS following its merger with the information telegraph agency of Russia. It has retained its status as the state central information agency.
International news agencies today.
Today, news agencies using state of the art telecommunication facilities can transmit up to 10000 words per minute between any two points on the globe.
Associated Press.
The Associated Press mission is to provide factual coverage of news to all parts of the globe for use by the media around the world.
The AP says it sends more than 20 millions words and about 1000photos each day to its subscribers worldwide.
In the early days of Internet, AP began to offer its services via the Web through the Information Services division created in 1990.
United Press International.
Arnaud de Borchgrave announced in August 1999, that UPI would be transformed into a leading supplier knowledge based products ton the Internet.
They offered in depth news investigative pieces and news analysis through Global Impact Net

Reuters.
Reuters dedicates the bulk of its resources to providing financial information to the global financial markets, although it is also heavily involved in supplying news services to media subscribers worldwide.
Reuters claims to be the World’s largest international multimedia news agency.
This agency is also using the internet extensively for wider distribution of Information and News and Claims to be among the most-read news resources on the Internet.